Karl Marx
First published Tue Aug 26, 2003; substantive revision Mon Jun 14, 2010 found http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/marx/
"Karl Marx (1818–1883) is best known not as a philosopher but as a revolutionary communist, whose works inspired the foundation of many communist regimes in the twentieth century. It is hard to think of many who have had as much influence in the creation of the modern world. Trained as a philosopher, Marx turned away from philosophy in his mid-twenties, towards economics and politics. However, in addition to his overtly philosophical early work, his later writings have many points of contact with contemporary philosophical debates, especially in the philosophy of history and the social sciences, and in moral and political philosophy. Historical materialism — Marx's theory of history — is centered around the idea that forms of society rise and fall as they further and then impede the development of human productive power. Marx sees the historical process as proceeding through a necessary series of modes of production, characterized by class struggle, culminating in communism. Marx's economic analysis of capitalism is based on his version of the labour theory of value, and includes the analysis of capitalist profit as the extraction of surplus value from the exploited proletariat. The analysis of history and economics come together in Marx's prediction of the inevitable economic breakdown of capitalism, to be replaced by communism. However Marx refused to speculate in detail about the nature of communism, arguing that it would arise through historical processes, and was not the realisation of a pre-determined moral ideal."
1. Click here to access The Communist Manifesto.
2. Read from the beginning to the sentence that reads The bourgeoisie, historically, has played a most revolutionary part.
3. Identify 3 major ideas Marx is working with in the passages.
4. In what ways is Marx clearly influenced by Hegel? Give examples from the text.
Three Major Ideas- 1.Classes and the oppression caused by the classes, 2.Society is splitting into two major groups the Bourgeoisie and Proletariat, and 3.The structure of industry and it's change overtime.
ReplyDeleteYou can see Hegel's influence on him, because for Hegel looks back into history and will use those past examples in his philosophy. An example from the Communist Manifesto was when Marx was discussing the history of industry. He started by discussing the feudal system industry to the manufacturing system finally to the modern industry. This is where you see Hegel's influence on Marx.
3. Marx is working upon his ideas of a struggle between the rich and the poor in society eternally, the idea of a classless economy, and the call for the poor to take up arms and revolt against the rich.
ReplyDelete4. Hegel influenced Marx because you can see that Marx runs with Hegel's ideas of people revolting when displeased with their governments. He also likes to ground his work in reality much like Hegel.
1. Modern bourgeois society that has sprouted from the ruins of feudal society has not done away with class antagonisms.
ReplyDelete2. The feudal system of industry, in which industrial production was monopolised by closed guilds, now no longer sufficed for the growing wants of the new markets.
3. Each step in the development of the bourgeoisie was accompanied by a corresponding political advance of that class.
Marx summarized the materialistic aspect of his theory of history in the 1859 called a contribution to the critique of political economy. Marx's historical materialism is influenced by Hegel because he claimed that reality should be viewed dialectically.
1) The idea of classes
ReplyDelete2) industry
3) Development of the bourgeoisie
We can see that mark was highly influenced by Hegel by the way he presents his information. He builds up every topic but it is then set into another that we can see leaves us with more questions. He uses the idea of the dialectic process.
Three Major ideas- 1. There are different levels and ranks of people in a society, and they are either the oppressor or the oppressed. 2. Within the classes, there is more and more division between the classes which results in subordinate gradation. 3. The advancement in the industry created even more different types of people and work.
ReplyDeleteMarx was influenced by Hegel in the sense that he uses history to define itself. Within knowing the dialectic process, Marx acknowledges how social structures exists and define society. Hegel believed that self awareness I a whole was important.
1) The structure of the industry and overall changes it makes and receives over time.
ReplyDelete2) history can be understood through the struggles of each class.
3) Society is composed of two classes the "Bourgeoisie" who are considered to be capitalist and the "Proletariat " who are considered to be workers.
Hegel influenced Marx through his philosophy of history. In Hegel's philosophy history continues through the constant collision of two opposite forces. In the text Marx identifies the two opposing forces as the "Bourgeoisie" and the "Proletariat." The bourgeoisie are capitalists who have seized control of the market and created production to benefit their own wealth.
1. In almost every period of time there has been a distinction between each social class.
ReplyDelete2. Instead of the usual segregation, the Bourgeoisie and Proletariat are the main two in play.
3. Through industrialization, it makes sense that there are monopolies
You can see Hegel's influence in Marx, in the fact that the Marx has the same belief on the concept of time. Meaning that history repeats itself. Another tone that I get from Marx is that he is willing to overthrow those who are in sole power, similar to Hegel's belief in revolution if the government is out of control.
1. Monopolies are well around in Industrialization
ReplyDelete2.Society as a whole is more and more splitting up into two great hostile camps, into two great classes directly facing each other — Bourgeoisie and Proletariat.
3.Each step in the development of the bourgeoisie was accompanied by a corresponding political advance of that class.
Hegel was an influence to Marx because there is a belief that history defines itself. There's this grounding definition of how reality shapes both their works.
1. Throughout history there have been societal levels which divide people and their social rank.
ReplyDelete2. The bourgeoisie, or the class which owns much of society's wealth and means of production, came to be from the industrialization and modern industry entering the world.
3. For Marx there are two types of people; there are the workers, proletariats, and then there are the owners, the bourgeoisie.
Hegel believed that human history was moving towards a complete and rational reality. This progressive view of history which was idealistic for Hegel can be seen in The Communist Manifesto as the social classes of the time came to be due to historical events and past classes.
1. Social classes have been around since the beginning of civilization and there has always been distinctions with in the classes.
ReplyDelete2. Society splits up more and more into hostile groups, the two main are Bourgeoisie, the bosses and Proletariat, the workers.
3. Monopolies become more and more powerful with the growth of industries.
Marx desires overthrow those who are to powerful for their own good, which Hegel would have supported and desired if there were two opposing views. In this case, like all cases, there are two opposing views therefore Hegel and Marx have a similar idea
1. Monopolies are well around in Industrialization
ReplyDelete2.Society as a whole is splitting up into two great hostile camps. It is splitting into two major classes directly facing each other — Bourgeoisie and Proletariat.
3.Each step in the development of the bourgeoisie was accompanied by a corresponding political advance of that class.
Hegel was an influence to Marx because he believed that history defines itself. There is a grounding definition of how reality shapes both their works.
1. Social classes have been around forever and will always be.
ReplyDelete2. Societal classes are split into two groups
3. There are two types of people, the workers and the owners.
Hegel was an influence to Marx because history played a pivotal role in both of their philosophies, believing history shaped the society and people.
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ReplyDelete1. Social classes are forever intertwined with us and forever will be
ReplyDelete2. There are two groups of social classes
3. Two types of people: workers and owners
Hegel was a major influence for Marx because of the importance of history. Both believed history molds people and society.
1.modern industry has grown and evolved markets
ReplyDelete2.social classes are a real thing and they are here to stay
3.monopolies make up industries
Marx would have rather seen a far and good man in power than a corrupt and power hungry tyrant which is a trait Hegel would support
1. Communism
ReplyDelete2. Social structure
3. Industrialism
Karl Marx mirrors Hegel in that he focuses and talks about politics as a main focus. He goes deeper than Hegel and mentions the divisions in the social class and order.
1. Throughout history there has always been social classes and levels. Oppression is caused by these classes.
ReplyDelete2. These classes are split into two groups, Bourgeoisie and the Proletariat.
3. Marx notes the struggles between the classes. He also notes that there are two types of people which are the workers and the owners.
Hegel was an influence to Marx, Hegel would have agreed with overthrowing those in power for good.The both wanted humans to move toward a rational reality.
1.Social classes has been around and within us from the beginning and will never leave.
ReplyDelete2.The social classes are broken up into two groups.
3.the two types of the people are the workers and owners
Through this Hegel wanted to be an influence. It could be because they both have similarities. But Marx goes more in depth with the insides of the social class
1. Social classes has always been here and will forever be here.
ReplyDelete2. Social classes are broken down I two two different groups.
3. There are two types of people, the workers and the owners. (Alienation)
Hegel influences Karl Marx because history played a pivotal role in both of their philosophies. They both believed that history shaped society and the people in it.
1. Social classes are irreplaceable and permanent as we see through the longevity of them.
ReplyDelete2. They are broken into two separate groups.
3. The workers and the owners are the two types of people there are.
Hegel and Marx have certain similarities, however , this is due to the influence that Hegel had on him. They both discuss social classes forming the people in them to this day.
1) the history of classes
ReplyDelete2) the industry
3) industrialism
Marx resembles Hegel due to his focus on politics. He takes a step further than Hegel by mentioning social class and order
1. Monopolies are well around in Industrialization.
ReplyDelete2. Within the classes, there is more and more division between the classes which results in subordinate gradation.
3. The steps in the development of the bourgeoisie was accompanied by a corresponding political advance of that class.
Hegel was an influence to Marx because he believed that history defines itself. Both believed history molds people and society.